EJ/T 1144-2004 混凝土辐射屏蔽

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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDecontaminationofFieldEquipmentUsedatNonradioactiveWasteSites
【原文标准名称】:在非放射性废弃物场地上用现场设备净化的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD5088-2002(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.21
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:contaminant;decontamination;sampling;waste;Contamination--waste;Decontamination;Fieldtesting--soil;Groundwater;Nonradioactivewastesites;Sludge;Soil;Soilgasanalysis;Soilsampling;Surfacewater;Wastematerials/processing/analysis
【摘要】:Anappropriatelydeveloped,executedanddocumentedequipmentdecontaminationprocedureisanintegralandessentialpartofwastesiteinvestigations.Thebenefitsofitsuseinclude:Minimizingthespreadofcontaminantswithinastudyareaandfromsitetosite,Reducingthepotentialforworkerexposurebymeansofcontactwithcontaminatedsamplingequipment,andImproveddataqualityandreliability.Thispracticeisnotasubstituteforawell-documentedQualityAssurance/QualityControl(QA/QC)program.Becausetheultimatetestofadecontaminationprocedureisitsabilitytominimizeerroneousdata,areasonableQA/QCprogrammustbeimplemented.Thispracticemaynotbeapplicabletoallwastesites.Whenasamplingeffortiscompletedtodetermineonlythegeneralrangeofchemicalconcentrationsofinterestlessrigorousdecontaminationprocedurescanbeadequate.InvestigatorsshouldhavetheflexibilitytomodifythedecontaminationprocedureswithdueconsiderationforthesamplingobjectiveorifQA/QCdocumentationsupportsalternativedecontaminationmethods.Atsiteswherethereactivityofsamplingequipmenttodecontaminationwashescreatesconcernforthegenerationofundesirablechemicalby-products,theuseofdedicatedsamplingequipmentshouldbeconsidered.Thispractice,whereapplicable,shouldbeusedbefore,between,andafterthecompletionofsamplingevents.Thispracticeisappropriateforuseatsiteswherechemical(organicandinorganic)contaminationisknownorexpected.Theapplicationofthispracticetoothertypesofsitesradiological,mixed(radiologicalandchemical),orbiohazardcontaminatedsitesmaynotbeapplicable.Theapplicationofthispracticetothesetypesofsitesshouldbeundertakenwithcareandconsideration,alongwithQA/QCdocumentationthatsupportstheeffectivenessofthesedecontaminationtechniques.1.1Thispracticecoversthedecontaminationoffieldequipmentusedinthesamplingofsoils,soilgas,sludges,surfacewater,andgroundwateratwastesiteswhicharetoundergobothphysicalandchemicalanalyses.1.2Thispracticeisapplicableonlyatsiteswherechemical(organicandinorganic)wastesareaconcern.Itisnotintendedforuseatradiological,mixed(chemicalandradiological),orbiohazardsites.1.3Proceduresareincludedforthedecontaminationofequipmentwhichcomesintocontactwiththesamplematrix(samplecontactingequipment)andforancillaryequipmentthathasnotcontactedtheportionofsampletobeanalyzed(non-samplecontactingequipment).1.4Thispracticeisbasedoncommonlyrecognizedmethodsbywhichequipmentmaybedecontaminated.Theproceduresdescribedforsamplecontactingequipmentarecommonlyprescribed,howeverthereisaminimumofscientificdatathatsupportsthesemethods(Mickametal.1989,Parker,1995).ThereforetheuserisremindedoftheimportanceofQA/QCsamplesthatdocumentdecontaminationeffectivenessandthatthesesamplescanbeusedtomodifyorenhancedecontaminationtechniques.DecontaminationatradiologicallycontaminatedsitesshouldrefertoPracticeD5608.1.5Thispracticeisapplicabletomostconventionalsamplingequipmentconstructedofmetallicandsyntheticmaterials.Themanufacturerofaspecificsamplingapparatusshouldbecontactedifthereisconcernregardingthereactivityofadecontaminationrinsingagentwiththeequipment.1.6Thispracticeoffersanorganizedcollectionofinformationoraseriesofoptionsanddoesnotrecommendaspecificcourseofaction.Thisdocumentcannotreplaceeducationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessionaljudgement.Notallaspectsofthispracticemaybeapplicableinall......
【中国标准分类号】:Z13
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_40
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语